Valoir Conjugation in French: Complete Tables, Rules & Practical Guide
Valoir Conjugation in French: Complete Tables, Rules & Practical Guide
Mastering the French verb valoir (to be worth, to cost, or to earn someone something) is an essential milestone on your path to fluency. Classified as an irregular verb belonging to the third group (3ᵉ groupe), valoir exhibits several stem shifts across tenses and modes.
It is also one of the most frequently used impersonal verbs in French conversation, notably in expressions like « il vaut mieux » (it is better to) or « ça vaut la peine » (it's worth it). In this comprehensive guide from my-french.com, you will find complete conjugation tables, phonetic insights, and common usage patterns.
1. Present Indicative (Présent de l'indicatif)
In the present tense, valoir takes the non-standard endings -x, -x, -t for singular pronouns, identical to pouvoir (peux, peux, peut) and vouloir (veux, veux, veut).
| Subject Pronoun | French Form | Pronunciation (IPA) | English Equivalent |
|---|---|---|---|
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Je | vaux | /vo/ | I am worth |
| Tu | vaux | /vo/ | You are worth (singular/informal) |
| Il / Elle / On | vaut | /vo/ | He / She / One is worth |
| Nous | valons | /va.lɔ̃/ | We are worth |
| Vous | valez | /va.le/ | You are worth (plural/formal) |
| Ils / Elles | valent | /val/ | They are worth |
> Key Example: > Cette montre vaut cher. (This watch is worth a lot of money.)
2. Past Tenses (Passé Composé, Imparfait, Passé Simple)
Passé Composé
To form the compound past, use the auxiliary verb avoir followed by the past participle valu.
- J'ai valu
- Tu as valu
- Il / Elle / On a valu
- Nous avons valu
- Vous avez valu
- Ils / Elles ont valu
> Son courage lui a valu le respect de tous. (His courage earned him everyone's respect.)
Imparfait (Imperfect)
The imperfect is regular. Take the stem of nous in the present tense (val-) and add the standard imperfect endings:
- Je valais
- Tu valais
- Il / Elle valait
- Nous valions
- Vous valiez
- Ils / Elles valaient
Passé Simple
Although mostly encountered in literature, the passé simple takes the typical -u pattern of irregular 3rd-group verbs:
- Je valus
- Tu valus
- Il / Elle valut
- Nous valûmes
- Vous valûtes
- Ils / Elles valurent
3. Future Simple & Conditional Present
Both the future and conditional stems transform into vaudr-. This makes recognizing them straightforward once you memorize the root change.
Future Simple (Futur simple)
- Je vaudrai
- Tu vaudras
- Il / Elle / On vaudra
- Nous vaudrons
- Vous vaudrez
- Ils / Elles vaudront
- Je vaudrais
- Tu vaudrais
- Il / Elle / On vaudrait
- Nous vaudrions
- Vous vaudriez
- Ils / Elles vaudraient
Conditional Present (Conditionnel présent)
> Ça vaudrait le coup d'essayer. (It would be worth giving it a try.)
4. Subjunctive Present (Subjonctif présent)
The subjunctive mood presents an important stem split: vaill- for singular subjects and the third-person plural, but val- for nous and vous.
- Que je vaille
- Que tu vailles
- Qu'il / elle / on vaille
- Que nous valions
- Que vous valiez
- Qu'ils / elles vaillent
> Il est nécessaire que cette proposition en vaille la peine. (It is necessary that this proposal be worth the trouble.)
5. Essential Everyday Idioms with Valoir
Native speakers use valoir constantly within set phrases:
1. Il vaut mieux (+ Infinitive) :
It is better to... Il vaut mieux réserver une table à l'avance. (It is better to book a table in advance.)
2. Valoir le coup :
To be worth the hassle / effort. Ce voyage était fatigant, mais ça valait le coup ! (That trip was tiring, but it was worth it!)
3. Valoir la peine :
To be worth the trouble. Ne t'inquiète pas, ça n'en vaut pas la peine. (Don't worry, it is not worth the trouble.)
4. Faire valoir :
To assert, highlight, or claim. Faire valoir ses compétences lors d'un entretien. (To highlight one's skills during an interview.)
By practicing the three main stems—val-, vaudr-, and vaill-—you will avoid the most frequent pitfalls and handle valoir like a native French speaker.